Is it better to be HER2-positive or negative?
Breast cancer cells with higher than normal levels of HER2 are called HER2-positive. These cancers tend to grow and spread faster than breast cancers that are HER2-negative, but are much more likely to respond to treatment with drugs that target the HER2 protein.
What is estrogen receptor gene?
Oestrogen receptor (ER) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression events that culminate in cell division, an important property that contributes to its critical role in mammary gland development.
Is estrogen a membrane receptor?
Membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) are a group of receptors which bind estrogen. Unlike the estrogen receptor (ER), a nuclear receptor which mediates its effects via genomic mechanisms, mERs are cell surface receptors which rapidly alter cell signaling via modulation of intracellular signaling cascades.
What receptors does estrogen activate?
The biological effects of estrogens are mediated through estrogen receptor (ER) α and β, which are members of a large superfamily of nuclear receptors. These receptors act as ligand-activated transcription factors.
What is the survival rate of HER2-negative breast cancer?
Survival rates can vary based off of the subtype of breast cancer that you have. A publication from the American Cancer Society reports 5-year survival rates for HER2-negative breast cancers as: 92 percent for HER2-negative, HR-positive breast cancer. 77 percent for triple-negative breast cancer.2021-11-24
What happens when Oestrogen receptors are activated?
Once activated by estrogen, the ER is able to translocate into the nucleus and bind to DNA to regulate the activity of different genes (i.e. it is a DNA-binding transcription factor). However, it also has additional functions independent of DNA binding.
What type of receptor is estrogen?
There are two classes of estrogen receptors: ER and G protein-coupled receptor GPR30 (GPER). ER is a member of the nuclear hormone family of intracellular receptors, and GPR30 is a G protein-coupled receptor. After activation, estrogen receptors bind to DNA and regulate the activity of many genes.2015-09-10
What type of receptor does Oestrogen bind to and where can it be found?
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are members of the superfamily class of nuclear receptors located in either the cell cytoplasm or nucleus and which function as transcription factors (Lovejoy, 2005).
Does HER2-negative require chemo?
Many women with hormone-positive, HER2-negative, lymph node-negative early-stage breast cancer who have intermediate risk of cancer recurrence do not need chemotherapy. The exception is that some women who are younger than 50 may benefit when chemotherapy is added to hormone therapy.2019-02-21
How many estrogen receptors are there?
two different
What does it mean to be positive for an estrogen receptor?
Listen to pronunciation. (ES-truh-jin reh-SEP-ter PAH-zih-tiv) Describes cells that have a protein that binds to the hormone estrogen. Cancer cells that are estrogen receptor positive may need estrogen to grow.
What type of receptor does estrogen have?
The physiological functions of estrogenic compounds are modulated largely by the estrogen receptors subtypes alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ). These proteins have actions in the cell nucleus, regulating transcription of specific target genes by binding to associated DNA regulatory sequences.
Where does estrogen bind to its receptor?
Estrogen receptors (ERs) act by regulating transcriptional processes. The classical mechanism of ER action involves estrogen binding to receptors in the nucleus, after which the receptors dimerize and bind to specific response elements known as estrogen response elements (EREs) located in the promoters of target genes.
Is estrogen receptor the same as hormone receptor?
Hormone receptor-positive (or hormone-positive) breast cancer cells have either estrogen (ER) or progesterone (PR) receptors or both. These breast cancers can be treated with hormone therapy drugs that lower estrogen levels or block estrogen receptors.
What genes does estrogen regulate?
(B) Estrogen receptor (ER) α, FOXA1, and FOXP1 immunoreactivities are predominantly observed in the nucleus. In addition to the estrogen-responsive genes identified by our group, many other genes have been found to be estrogen-regulated, using techniques such as RT-PCR and Northern and Western blot analyses.2014-12-15
What type of receptor is the Oestrogen receptor?
nuclear receptors
Used Resourses:
- https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/estrogen-receptor-positive
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_estrogen_receptor
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_receptor
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11345900/
- https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/understanding-a-breast-cancer-diagnosis/breast-cancer-her2-status.html
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_receptor
- https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/understanding-a-breast-cancer-diagnosis/breast-cancer-hormone-receptor-status.html
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/estrogen-receptors
- https://academic.oup.com/mend/article/19/4/833/2741274
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5065078/
- https://academic.oup.com/mend/article/19/4/833/2741274
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4192010/
- https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/understanding-a-breast-cancer-diagnosis/breast-cancer-hormone-receptor-status.html
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/estrogen-receptor
- https://www.medicinenet.com/is_it_better_to_be_er_pr_positive_or_negative/article.htm
- https://www.healio.com/news/endocrinology/20120731/estrogen-receptor
- https://www.nature.com/articles/aps2014123
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975301/
- https://www.healthline.com/health/breast-cancer/her2-negative
- https://www.foxchase.org/news/many-women-early-stage-breast-cancer-can-skip-chemotherapy
